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Briefings in Bioinformatics Advance Access originally published online on October 29, 2008
Briefings in Bioinformatics 2009 10(1):97-109; doi:10.1093/bib/bbn049
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© The Author 2008. Published by Oxford University Press. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Models of coding sequence evolution

Wayne Delport, Konrad Scheffler and Cathal Seoighe

Corresponding author. Cathal Seoighe. Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory, 7925, Cape Town, South Africa. Tel/Fax: +27 21 406 6837; E-mail: Cathal.Seoighe{at}uct.ac.za

Probabilistic models of sequence evolution are in widespread use in phylogenetics and molecular sequence evolution. These models have become increasingly sophisticated and combined with statistical model comparison techniques have helped to shed light on how genes and proteins evolve. Models of codon evolution have been particularly useful, because, in addition to providing a significant improvement in model realism for protein-coding sequences, codon models can also be designed to test hypotheses about the selective pressures that shape the evolution of the sequences. Such models typically assume a phylogeny and can be used to identify sites or lineages that have evolved adaptively. Recently some of the key assumptions that underlie phylogenetic tests of selection have been questioned, such as the assumption that the rate of synonymous changes is constant across sites or that a single phylogenetic tree can be assumed at all sites for recombining sequences. While some of these issues have been addressed through the development of novel methods, others remain as caveats that need to be considered on a case-by-case basis. Here, we outline the theory of codon models and their application to the detection of positive selection. We review some of the more recent developments that have improved their power and utility, laying a foundation for further advances in the modeling of coding sequence evolution.

Keywords: maximum likelihood, phylogenetics, evolutionary models, selection

Submitted: June 16, 2008. Received (in revised form): October 3, 2008.


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Home page
 Mol Biol EvolHome page
N. Rodrigue, C. L. Kleinman, H. Philippe, and N. Lartillot
Computational Methods for Evaluating Phylogenetic Models of Coding Sequence Evolution with Dependence between Codons
Mol. Biol. Evol., July 1, 2009; 26(7): 1663 - 1676.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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